Women's football, both recently and historically, has made tolerance, community and acceptance a vital part of its identity

Alternative models like open categories or skill-based divisions have been proposed but face logistical hurdles. In the U.S., the NCAA allows trans women to compete after a year of hormone therapy, though state-level bans are rising. Professional leagues like the NWSL may soon face pressure to clarify their stance.

"Transgender women will no longer be able to play" women's soccer in England, the national Football Association says after a key U.K. ruling.