Eli Lilly agreed to acquire Verve Therapeutics for about $1 billion upfront, adding a potential treatment for cardiovascular disease to its portfolio.Under the agreement, the pharmaceutical company will buy all of the gene-editing startup’s shares outstanding for $10.

Verve’s stock VERV soared 76% in premarket trading on Tuesday. If the gains hold through the trading session, they’ll eclipse the previous record one-day gain of 28% for the company’s stock on Oct. 31...