Doping is commonly used to improve performance in semiconducting devices but has not previously been successful for electron transporting or n-type, organic electronic materials. Now, an approach ...

Solar-powered brine crystallization could alleviate the environmental impacts of seawater desalination. Treating waste brine using a self-cleaning crystallizer that runs on solar power could be an eco ...

Salt is essential for preservation, flavor enhancement, food structure and other necessary functions. In the food manufacturing world, it is one of the least expensive and most necessary ingredients.