Papa believes that during the gradual development of type 2 diabetes, the stress of processing large amounts of insulin within the ER compartments of beta cells can stress the ER. Using new techniques ...

In biology textbooks, the endoplasmic reticulum is often portrayed as a distinct, compact organelle near the nucleus, and is ...

Inside cells, there exists an extensive system of canals known as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which consists of ...

He thinks beta cell death in type 2 diabetes may occur when the cells’ protein-folding factories become overtaxed from having to prepare so much insulin for export. ER Stress and Beta Cell Death All ...

University of Western Australia research reveals how cells convert physical exercise forces into energy production responses.

The ER is the cells main “shipping port” that packages proteins and lipids, checks their quality, and facilitates their transport within the cell. For these vital processes, energy in the form of ATP, ...

Sometimes, however, they are located at the endoplasmic reticulum, a continuous cell-wide membrane network. Although many proteins originate in the cytosol, they subsequently have to be brought to ...

How breast cancer cells lose their ER. Two cellular proteins known as 14-3-3τ and ERα36 have been previously implicated in the development of breast cancer resistance to endocrine therapy.

About one-fourth of recurrent estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers lose ER expression, which renders them resistant to endocrine therapy and able to grow uncontrolled. A team of researchers ...